Rung 3 · Moderate
Unfermented soy foods
Tofu and soy milk are consistently linked to lower prostate cancer risk.
PreventionYou can do this
What studies found
A 30-study meta-analysis found total and unfermented soy intake linked to lower prostate cancer risk. Fermented soy, total isoflavone intake and blood isoflavone levels showed no link, and no link was seen with advanced disease.
The catch
All observational. A pooled blood-level analysis of seven cohorts found no strong association.
What to do
Swapping some meat for tofu, edamame or soy milk fits a healthy plate. Isoflavone supplements are untested.
Sources
Rung 3 of 5, Moderate: Consistent observational studies or small trials, not yet confirmed by large trials. How we score
To take it to your doctor, print this page.
Step by step
For the whole picture, from prevention and screening to treatment and life after, see the prostate cancer page.
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